首先需要安装pymssql模块(
配置下freetds
#cat /usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf
# $Id: freetds.conf,v 1.12 2007/12/25 06:02:36 jklowden Exp $## This file is installed by FreeTDS if no file by the same # name is found in the installation directory. ## For information about the layout of this file and its settings, # see the freetds.conf manpage "man freetds.conf". # Global settings are overridden by those in a database# server specific section[global] # TDS protocol version;tds version = 4.2# Whether to write a TDSDUMP file for diagnostic purposes# (setting this to /tmp is insecure on a multi-user system);dump file = /tmp/freetds.log;debug flags = 0xffff# Command and connection timeouts;timeout = 10;connect timeout = 10# If you get out-of-memory errors, it may mean that your client# is trying to allocate a huge buffer for a TEXT field. # Try setting 'text size' to a more reasonable limit text size = 64512# A typical Sybase server#newadd[test_db] host = 127.0.0.1 port = 1433 tds version = 8.0 client charset = GBK |
连接SQL服务器的代码
import sysimport pymssqlclass Mssql: def __init__(self, config): self.cf = config def __Connect(self): try: self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.cf['host'],user=self.cf['user'],password=self.cf['pwd'],database=self.cf['db']) cur = self.conn.cursor() except Exception, err: print "Error decoding config file: %s" % str(err) sys.exit(1) return cur def select(self, sql): try: cur = self.__Connect() cur.execute(sql) rows = cur.fetchall() cur.close() self.conn.close() return rows except Exception, err: print "Error decoding config file: %s" % str(err) sys.exit(1) def insert(self, sql): try: cur = self.__Connect() cur.execute(sql) cur.close() self.conn.commit() self.conn.close() except Exception, err: print "Error decoding config file: %s" % str(err) sys.exit(1)def main(): config = {'host':'test_db','user':'test','pwd':'123456','db':'Testdb'} mssql = Mssql(config) #select sql sql = "select * from test_table" rows = mssql.select(sql) #insert sql sql = "insert into test_table values('1','2','3')" mssql.insert(sql)if __name__ == "__main__": main()
注:host里test_db是调用freetds配置里的,可以直接写ip
下面是pymssql里参数使用说明,如下:
1. pymssqlCnx类(用于连接Mssql数据库)
pymssql.connect()来初始化连接类,它允许如下的参数。
dsn:连接字符串,主要用于与之前版本的pymssql兼容user:用户名password:密码trusted:布尔值,指定是否使用windows身份认证登陆host :主机名database:数据库timeout:查询超时login_timeout:登陆超时charset:数据库的字符集as_dict:布尔值,指定返回值是字典还是元组max_conn:最大连接数 |
2. Method
autocommit(status) 布尔值,指示是否自动提交事务,默认的状态是关闭的,如果打开,你必须调用commit()方法来提交事务。 close()关闭连接cursor()返回游标对象,用于查询和返回数据commit()提交事务。 rollback()回滚事务pymssqlCursor类用于从数据库查询和返回数据rowcount返回最后操作影响的行数。 connection返回创建游标的连接对象 lastrowid返回插入的最后一行rownumber返回当前数据集中的游标(通过索引) |
3. 游标方法
close()关闭游标execute(operation) 执行操作 execute(operation, params)执行操作,可以提供参数进行相应操作 executemany(operation, params_seq) 执行操作,Params_seq为元组 fetchone() 在结果中读取下一行fetchmany(size=None)在结果中读取指定数目的行fetchall()读取所有行nextset()游标跳转到下一个数据集 |